• Why they matter (por qué importan)
• Addition (adición)
• Contrast (contraste)
• Cause and result (causa y resultado)
• Purpose (propósito)
• Sequence (secuencia)
• Example (ejemplo)

Why they matter (por qué importan)

Linking words connect ideas and make your English sound more natural and organized. They are essential for writing and for speaking at an advanced level.

🔹 Los conectores unen ideas y hacen que tu inglés suene más natural y organizado. Son esenciales para escribir y para hablar a un nivel avanzado.

Addition (adición)

These add information to what has already been said:

🔹 Estos añaden información a lo que ya se ha dicho:

moreover [mɔr'oʊvər] - además (formal)

furthermore ['fɜrðərmɔr] - además (formal)

in addition [ɪn ə'dɪʃən] - además

besides [bɪ'saɪdz] - además / aparte de

The hotel was expensive. Moreover, it was far from the center.

She speaks English and French. In addition, she's learning Japanese.

I don't want to go. Besides, I have too much work.

Contrast (contraste)

These show a difference or an unexpected result:

🔹 Estos muestran una diferencia o un resultado inesperado:

however [haʊ'ɛvər] - sin embargo

nevertheless [nɛvərðə'lɛs] - no obstante / sin embargo

although [ɔl'ðoʊ] - aunque

even though [i:vən ðoʊ] - aunque / a pesar de que

despite [dɪ'spaɪt] - a pesar de + noun / gerund

in spite of [ɪn spaɪt əv] - a pesar de + noun / gerund

whereas [wɛr'æz] - mientras que

while [waɪl] - mientras que (contrast)

on the other hand - por otro lado

The movie was long. However, it was very entertaining.

Although it was raining, we went for a walk.

Despite being tired, she went to the gym. (despite + gerund)

In spite of the rain, we had a good time. (in spite of + noun)

He loves the city, whereas she prefers the countryside.

Although and even though are followed by a clause (subject + verb). Despite and in spite of are followed by a noun or gerund.

🔹 Although y even though van seguidos de una oración (sujeto + verbo). Despite e in spite of van seguidos de un sustantivo o gerundio.

Cause and result (causa y resultado)

therefore ['ðɛrfɔr] - por lo tanto

consequently ['kɑnsɪkwɛntli] - en consecuencia

as a result [æz ə rɪ'zʌlt] - como resultado

due to [du: tu:] - debido a

because of [bɪ'kɔz əv] - a causa de

since [sɪns] - ya que / puesto que

as [æz] - ya que / como

She studied hard. Therefore, she passed the exam.

The flight was canceled due to the storm.

Since it was late, we decided to go home.

Purpose (propósito)

in order to [ɪn 'ɔrdər tu:] - para / con el fin de

so that [soʊ ðæt] - para que

so as to [soʊ æz tu:] - para / con el fin de

I left early in order to catch the train.

She spoke slowly so that everyone could understand.

Sequence (secuencia)

firstly ['fɜrstli] - en primer lugar

secondly ['sɛkəndli] - en segundo lugar

finally ['faɪnəli] - finalmente

meanwhile ['mi:nwaɪl] - mientras tanto

afterwards ['æftərwərdz] - después

eventually [ɪ'vɛntʃuəli] - finalmente / con el tiempo

Firstly, I want to thank everyone for coming. Secondly, I have some news.

I went to the store. Meanwhile, my husband cooked dinner.

He tried many times. Eventually, he succeeded.

Eventually does NOT mean eventualmente in Spanish. It means finalmente or con el tiempo.

🔹 Eventually NO significa eventualmente en español. Significa finalmente o con el tiempo.

Example (ejemplo)

for instance [fɔr 'ɪnstəns] - por ejemplo

for example [fɔr ɪg'zæmpəl] - por ejemplo

such as [sʌtʃ æz] - como / tales como

Many countries, such as Spain and Italy, have a Mediterranean climate.

There are many things to do here. For instance, you can visit the museum.